Managing protected areas in populated agricultural areas is not an easy task. Their conservation practices often lead to social resistance between state forest services and communities living in or near these forests. The case of the Monogaga forest, which was the subject of this thesis, is part of this context. The creation of protection series, agricultural series, as well as the establishment of a partnership management committee are based on a central objective, that of being in line with the principles of sustainable forestry. As a choice of objective to be achieved, the concept of sustainable forest appeared as an interesting avenue for the protection of public forests in Côte d'Ivoire. Thus, the interest in analyzing the social acceptability of current conservation and management practices in the Monogaga forest meets a main objective, that of understanding the validity of this new mode of management of protected forests in the case of an inhabited forest. To do this, the research focused on the factors influencing social acceptability, in particular, the adaptation of conservation practices to the socio-cultural context of communities, the knowledge and information of the State's forest policy, economic benefits, the involvement of communities in the decision-making process, the involvement of communities in the decision-making process, trust in authorities and the risks experienced. The particularity of being an inhabited forest called for a case study. This strategy made it possible to conduct the research using a mixed method, through which qualitative and quantitative data made it possible to produce information on the lifestyles of communities, their representation of the forest, the social construct around its management by the system of local social values, as well as the characteristics of SODEFOR practices, and their appreciation by communities. Research results show that aboriginal people, non-native people and foreigners (aliens) have specific social representations of the forest. The forest is not only a usufruct resource, it is a part of their existence, that is to say of their identity. The practices implemented by SODEFOR to ensure more effective conservation of this forest, indicate that the State has placed particular emphasis on three factors: the conservation of the ecosystem through the creation of protection series, the authorization of agricultural activities on in agricultural series, and collaboration with communities by the Commission-Peasans-Forêts. While an analysis of the content of these factors shows that SODEFOR practices value the relationships that communities have with the Monogaga forest, several efforts remain to be made in terms of participation and decision-making, trust, and economic benefits.